在豫、鲁、皖交界一带，有一位绰号“一捏准”的民间雕塑艺人，他就是夏邑县歧河乡大于庄村64岁的农民于学文。
   
    于学文的家距豫东著名的寺院青铜寺很近，幼年时，他经常跑到寺里去看佛像。后来，他萌生了学习泥塑技艺的念头。15岁那年，于学文拜杞县雕塑大师左世修为师，学习建筑雕塑。为了更好地掌握雕塑技术中的色彩运用和透视比例等，于学文又拜安徽萧县既擅长国画，又工于雕塑的徐作全为师。经过几十年的历练，于学文的雕塑技艺已是炉火纯青。 
    
    从上世纪60年代起，于学文就承担了许多雕塑工程，他的雕塑作品遍及豫、皖、鄂几省数十个县（市）。于学文的雕塑作品除继承传统雕塑技法外，有的还采用石匠的剔凿花活的手法在仿古建筑上雕刻花草、异兽、流云、寿带、如意头、古钱等传统吉祥图案，具有浓郁的乡土气息和地域特征。 
    
    于学文民间雕塑作品大多留于亭台、楼阁、殿宇、寺庙、广场、校园等处，主要有圆雕、高浮雕、浅浮雕、砖雕。雕塑原料主要有黄泥、水泥、白膏泥、木材等。作品内容主要以人物、佛像、花鸟、鱼虫、异兽和其他民间吉祥图案等，题材广泛，造型古朴、粗犷。作品用色丰富，色彩艳丽，是中国民间传统装饰艺术最常见的色彩处理方法，主要用于民间风俗活动、宗教仪式等，一般使用海蓝、绿、红等颜色。 
      
    在几十年的雕塑生涯中，于学文兼收并蓄，博采众长，不断汲取民间艺术的营养，形成了自己独特的艺术风格。其作品既体现出中国传统的雕塑艺术，又充满了现代民间民俗生活的气息，具有较强的艺术感染力，是以一位民间艺人独有的审美眼光和艺术表现手法诠释着他对美好生活的向往。于学文的雕塑是基于深厚的民间文化底蕴和广泛的民众基础而形成的一种民间艺术，集中体现了我国民间艺人的智慧，是集民间艺术、风俗、历史、宗教为一体的一种传统民间技艺，对于我们研究民间艺术、风土人情、历史文化、宗教信仰等具有极其重要的价值。

 

 Yu Xuewen Folk Sculptures

   
    In the junction of Henan, Shandong and Anhui, there is a folk sculpture artist who is 64-year-old farmer Yu Xuewen, living in Dayuzhuang Village, Qihe, Xiayi County.  
      
    Yu Xuewen folk sculptures always lay in terraces and towers, temples, squares, school campus and so on, which are mainly circular engrave, high relief, bas-relief, tile curving. The curving materials are mainly mud, concrete, clay, wood, the products are always figures, josses, flowers, fish, worm and many other folk lucky pictures, which make it has a various themes and simple and rough appearance. The works usually have bright color which is often ocean-blue, green and red and is always used in folklore activities and religious ceremonies. All these characteristics endow it a tense local flavor and region character.  
       
    Yu's works not only reflect Chinese traditional Curving art but also filled with flavor of life in folk and have strong art inflection. Yu expressed his good hope for life with his unique appreciation of the beauty and expressing ways. Yu's sculpture is a folk art which lays foundation on profound folk culture and extensive common people, reflects folk artists' intelligence in out country, units folk art, custom, history and religious together, contains much vales for us to research folk art, local customs and practices, history and culture, religious relief, etc.