每年正月表演的“确山铁花”又叫打铁花,是流传于确山县境内及周边地区的民间传统烟火,起源于北宋,鼎盛于明清,至今已有千余年的历史。
最早的确山打铁花活动,充满道教的色彩和行业的特征。宋代崇尚道教,确山县境内的老乐山,曾是道教的圣地,道教庙观遍布全县,仅乐山一处,就有“九宫二观一拜台”之称。社会上的金、银、铜、铁、锡五门工匠,与道士共同敬奉的是一个祖师——太上老君,所以,工匠们与道士们可谓师兄弟。“打铁花”初源于工匠们的祭祀活动。遇到道教的重大庆典,道士们也会出钱出物,请工匠们举办“打铁花”,为道教增添光彩。这无形中促进了“打铁花”活动的开展。显而易见,“打铁花”的最初目的一是为了展示本行业的气派,取悦于群众,扩大影响,等于做一次广告;二是讨个吉利,利用“花”与“发”的谐音,取“打花打花,越打越发”之意,象征着事业发达兴旺。
表演起来惊心动魄打铁花虽然好看,但表演起来却惊心动魄,极具危险性。“打铁花”很有讲究,要在一个宽阔的场地上搭起一个丈余高的大棚,称为“花棚”,花棚顶铺一层新鲜的柳树枝,树枝上绑满各种烟花、鞭炮等。“花棚”顶部正中竖起一丈余高的杆子,称为“老杆”。“老杆”顶上绑上鞭炮、烟花等,称为“设彩”。花棚旁边立一座熔化铁汁用的熔炉,把事先准备好的生铁化成铁汁待用。打铁花时,先把铁汁注入事先准备好的“花棒”,即一根拳头粗细、一尺多长的新鲜柳树棒,棒的顶端掏有直径3厘米大小的圆形坑槽,用以盛放铁汁。打花者一手拿着盛有铁汁的“花棒”,一手拿着未盛铁汁的“花棒”迅速跑至“花棚”下,用下棒猛击上棒。十几个“打花”者一棒接一棒,一人紧跟一人,往来于熔炉和花棚之间,棒中的铁汁冲向“花棚”后,遇到棚顶的柳枝立刻迸散开来,铁花又点燃了棚上的鞭炮、烟花。
Beating Iron Flowers
Queshan Iron Flower (a kind of celebration program) played in the lunar month is also called Beating Iron Flower, which prevails in Queshan County and surrounding places. It stems from Northern Song, reaches its peak in Ming and Qing Dynasty and has experienced for over 1000 years.
Beating Iron Flower origins from workers' fete activities and the earliest activity is filled with Taoism color and industrial features in Song Dynasty. The original purpose of this activity is in two aspects: show the vigour of this trade so that they can please the masses and enlarge its influence; ask for luck using the similar pronunciation of "hua" and "fa" in Chinese, which means prosperous. Even though his play show is exciting and demanding, it is truly dangerous and astonished.