辉县香稻,是辉县古老的农家品种,也是我国水稻名贵品种之一,属于粳亚种糯变种香稻。在豫北太行山一带,泉水灌溉稻区种植历史悠久。靠近百泉河的楼根、八盘磨、西王庄、三小营、中小营等村,泉水环绕,土地肥沃,很早就是香稻的集中产区。
关于香稻的起源无考,在辉县仅有一个传奇的神话。说很久以前的一个秋天,一群金雁飞越百泉(辉县境内)上空,一只被击伤的雁跌落下来,被一位善良的农民救起,精心治愈,重返蓝天。次年春,此雁口衔一棵金色稻种返来,交给这一农民栽培,收获后做成饭,奇香四溢,群众赞叹不已,起名叫香稻。
在豫北原作为春稻栽培,生长期165天左右,后来改为麦茬稻也能正常成熟。香稻品种耐寒、耐早、抗病、适应性强,出米率达75%。但分蘖力较弱,株高 140一150厘米,因此成稳率低,植株易倒伏,产量不高。一般亩产仅400一500斤.解放前后都作为水稻搭配品种。五十年代辉县每年仅种植200亩左右. 国家每年收购3—4万斤。
“文化大革命”中,辉县香稻也被视为“革命对象”,大砍大杀,几乎断种,目前仅有零星种植。由于栽培历史长,品种退化,香味亦大减。
1974年,新乡地区农科所利用“辉县香稻”和“新稻二号”杂交,选育出“新香1号”良种。株高降到90—100厘米,亩产提高到800一900斤,而且保持了原香稻的优点。现在辉县香稻种植面积约800亩左右,年产近70万斤,1982年国家收购15万斤。近几年温县、武陟、修武等县也有种植,很受群众欢迎。
香稻米呈短椭圆型,色泽乳白,具有浓香味,质糯性。可用于作汤圆、八宝饭、米团和糕点等甜食:煮粥时只需加入少许,就香气扑鼻,具有“一家煮粥,全村香”的美誉。大约从北宋以后香稻就成为“贡品”。
Huixian Fragrant Rice
Huixian fragrant rice is an old peasant and varietal breed and is a precious rice breed in China as well. It has a very long cultivated history. It becomes a tribute after about Northern Song Dynasty.
This rice breed has advantages of cold-resistant, drought-resistant, disease-resistant, strong adaptability and high milled rice rate. However, this kind of rice is has low yield, easy lodging, variety degression and reduced fragrance. The rice is in short elliptic shape, milky white color, thick fragrant smell and sticky nature, which can be cooked into rice dumplings, eight-treasure rice puddings, rice balls, cakes and other desserts. When stewing porridge, only a little are added into, we will smell a sharp aroma.