汝阳县种植花生历史悠久,迄今已有300多年。建国前,以香脆闻名的汝阳“沙沙花生”就已畅销周口、洛阳、驻马店等地。近年来,随着农村商品经济的发展,汝阳花生面积不断扩大,目前汝阳县花生种植数十万亩以上,总产15000吨上,花生及其制品畅销全国16个省市,并外销港澳,1985年被确定为河南省优质花生生产基地。
花生是豆科落花生属一年生草本植物,生产上应用的只有一个栽培种。目前汝阳花生主要采用白沙1016和天府三号两个品种。汝阳县花生种植分布较广,低至海拔220米的杜康河畔,高至海拔1620米的鸡冠山麓均有种植,但优质花生主要分布在海拔250~600米的丘陵浅山区。该区气候温和,无霜期长,雨量基本可满足花生生长需要,土壤以褐土为主,有少量火山灰土和粗骨土,矿质营养丰富,酸碱适中,适于花生生长。由于生态条件较好,因而所生产的花生,具有“果形匀称,荚果饱满,仁色粉红,光泽鲜艳,出仁率高,味美适口,香而不腻,略带甜味”等特点,经化验分析,花生的主要成分如蛋白质、脂肪及微量元素均优于外地,出仁率74%至78%,超过河南省定60%的标准,品质居河南省首位。
近年来,汝阳县以基地为依托,建起了大型食品的加工企业──汝阳县花生食品厂,相继开发出花酥糖、蜂蜜花生、花生蛋白肉、花生精油等5大系列10多个产品,其中花生酥糖获河南省优质产品称号,花生蛋白肉又被评为河南省星火科技开发优质产品。花生精油也被外贸部确定为出口免检商品。
Ruyang Peanuts
Ruyang has a peanut-cultivated history of more than 300 years. In 1985, Ruyang was set as Henan quality peanut producing base. In recent years, it relays on this base and develops new products in 5 series and 10 different kinds.
Peanut belongs to leguminosae and annual herbs which spreads wide in Ruyang. Thanks to good natural conditions, peanuts produced there are well-proportioned, plump, bright and pink and have high rate of output, aromatic and a little sweet flavor. According to analysis reports, Ruyang peanuts contain higher rate of protein, fat and trace elements than those in other places, whose quality ranks in the head position in Henan Province.